Leptin Levels in Obese Women Dieters
This study examined the effects of caloric
restriction and weight loss on serum leptin concentrations in 49 obese
women who participated in a 40-week weight loss program. During the first
12 weeks, half the subjects were provided a 1000 kcal/day low-calorie
diet (LCD), compromised of portion-controlled foods, whereas the other
half were prescribed a 1200 kcal/day balanced deficit diet (BDD) consisting
of self-selected table foods. Thereafter, subjects in both conditions
were instructed to consume approximately 1200-1800 kcal/day of self-selected
foods, depending on their desired weight change. During the first 6 weeks,
weight and serum leptin fell significantly more in women in the LCD condition
than in the BDD condition. In the former group, the 55 percent reduction
in baseline leptin was 10 times greater than the relative reduction in
body weight.
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Stepwise multiple regression analysis
revealed that degree of caloric restriction, but not weight loss,
contribution significantly to the variance in the change in leptin
at week 6. By contrast, long-term changes in leptin, when subjects
had increased their calorie intake, were more strongly related to
changes in weight and fat. At week 40, for example, weight loss
account for 47 percent of the variance in the change in leptin.
Serum leptin and body fat remained highly correlated after weight
loss, as before. After treatment, however, we observed a greater-than-expected
reduction in serum leptin concentrations, as expressed per kilogram
of body fat. The significance of this finding remains to be determined.
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Source: Wadden TA, Considine RV, Foster
GD, Anderson DA, Sarwer DB, Caro JS. University of Pennsylvania School
of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, USA. 1998
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